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苏眉 Humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus
家族Family：隆头鱼科的鱼 Labridae
其他俗名Other common name：拿破仑鱼 Napoleon wrasse，毛利鱼 Maori wrasse

物理特征Physical characteristics
五英尺长（约1.5米），虽然有少数超过八点二英尺（ 2.5米）的记录；最大的珊瑚礁鱼之一。大型成鱼在蓝色前端、小眼睛、厚嘴唇的头上有与众不同的驼峰;其余的部分是黄绿色。幼鱼淡绿色，斑点或延致鱼体两边的条文水平地排列。
Length 5 ft (about 1.5 m), although a few have been recorded at more than 8.2 ft (2.5 m); one of the largest reef fishes. The large adult has distinctive hump on the top of the blue-fronted, small-eyed, thick-lipped head; rest of the body is yellowish green. Juveniles pale green, with horizontally placed spots or bar extending down the sides of the body.

分布状态Distribution
红海和印度洋的大部分区域，向东从印度尼西亚直到南太平洋土阿莫土群岛、法属波利尼西亚，以及北至日本南部。
Much of the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, east through Indonesia to Tuamotus, French Polynesia, and north to southern Japan.

生活环境Habitat
幼鱼常在海草床和珊瑚礁的泻湖。成鱼更喜欢更深的礁石区域而不是325英尺（ 100米）深。
Juveniles frequent sea grass beds and reef lagoons. Adults prefer deeper reef areas to 325 ft (100 m) deep.

习性Behavior
白天害羞，夜间逗留在礁石藏身处之中。通常是独处的，但有时将成对或以小组居住。
Shy, diurnal, remains among reef refuges at night. Usually solitary, but will sometimes live in pairs or in small groups.

生态环境和食物Feeding ecology and diet
白天进食，主要是软体动物，而且还吃鱼类，以及其他无脊椎动物，如海蛇尾和海胆。
Feeds during the day, primarily on mollusks, but also takes fishes, as well as other invertebrates such as brittle stars and sea urchins.

生殖生物学Reproductive biology
这两个小型和大型产卵汇总的形式，但对鱼类为交配。没有父母照管。性反转已经被注意到，其中雌性生长发育成为成熟雄性。
Both small and large spawning aggregations form, but fishes pair up for mating. No parental care. Sex reversal has been noted, in which females develop into mature males.

保护状况Conservation status
被世界自然保护联盟列为易危物种。
Listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN.

对人类的意义Significance to humans
商业食用鱼，其密集的开采已导致涉及当地居民生存。对潜水者而然，美观也很受欢迎。
Commercial food fish whose intensive exploitation has led to concern for the survial of local populations of this species. Also popular aesthetically to divers.